Everyday Japanese (N5/A1): Words and Grammar · Lesson 3 of 24

Lesson 3: Things Around You: これ, それ, あれ and この, その, あの

Point to things with これ, それ and あれ, ask whose they are with だれの, learn 40 everyday objects, and ask for a word in Japanese.

MeroSir Team · 4 min read · Englishनेपालीमा पढ्नुहोस्
Lesson 3: Things Around You: これ, それ, あれ and この, その, あの

Japanese has three words for "this/that" where English has two. Nepali also has three (यो, त्यो, ऊ), so you already think this way.

これ, それ, あれ: stand alone

WordMeaningNepaliListen
これ (kore)this one, near meयो▶
それ (sore)that one, near youत्यो▶
あれ (are)that one over there, far from bothऊ▶
どれ (dore)which one (of three or more)कुन▶
JapaneseRomajiनेपालीEnglishListen
これは ほんです。kore wa hon desu.यो किताब हो।This is a book.▶
それは なんですか。sore wa nan desu ka.त्यो के हो?What is that?▶
あれは がっこうです。are wa gakkou desu.ऊ विद्यालय हो।That over there is a school.▶
わたしの かさは どれですか。watashi no kasa wa dore desu ka.मेरो छाता कुन हो?Which is my umbrella?▶

この, その, あの: followed by a noun

When you name the thing, use この / その / あの / どの + noun: この ほん (this book). You cannot say これ ほん.

JapaneseRomajiनेपालीEnglishListen
この ほんは わたしのです。kono hon wa watashi no desu.यो किताब मेरो हो।This book is mine.▶
その かばんは だれのですか。sono kaban wa dare no desu ka.त्यो झोला कसको हो?Whose bag is that?▶
あの ひとは せんせいです。ano hito wa sensei desu.ती व्यक्ति शिक्षक हुनुहुन्छ।That person is a teacher.▶
どの ほんですか。dono hon desu ka.कुन किताब?Which book?▶

の can also replace the noun, like मेरो alone: わたしのです = "It's mine." Ask "whose?" with だれの.

Everyday objects

JapaneseRomajiनेपालीEnglishListen
ほんhonकिताबbook▶
ノートnootoकापीnotebook▶
ペンpenकलमpen▶
えんぴつenpitsuपेन्सिलpencil▶
かばんkabanझोलाbag▶
かさkasaछाताumbrella▶
とけいtokeiघडीclock, watch▶
けいたい / スマホkeitai / sumahoमोबाइल फोनmobile phone▶
パソコンpasokonकम्प्युटरpersonal computer▶
カメラkameraक्यामेराcamera▶
めがねmeganeचस्माglasses▶
さいふsaifuपर्सwallet▶
かぎkagiसाँचोkey▶
くつkutsuजुत्ताshoes▶
ぼうしboushiटोपीhat▶
つくえtsukueडेस्कdesk▶
いすisuकुर्सीchair▶
テーブルteeburuटेबलtable▶
ドアdoaढोकाdoor▶
まどmadoझ्यालwindow▶
くるまkurumaगाडीcar▶
じてんしゃjitenshaसाइकलbicycle▶
テレビterebiटेलिभिजनtelevision▶
じしょjishoशब्दकोशdictionary▶
しんぶんshinbunपत्रिका (दैनिक)newspaper▶
ざっしzasshiपत्रिका (म्यागजिन)magazine▶
てがみtegamiचिठीletter▶
しゃしんshashinफोटोphotograph▶
おかねokaneपैसाmoney▶
みずmizuपानीwater▶
おちゃochaचियाtea▶
おべんとうobentouखाजा बक्सा (टिफिन)packed meal, bento▶

Useful patterns

JapaneseRomajiनेपालीEnglishListen
これは だれの かさですか。kore wa dare no kasa desu ka.यो कसको छाता हो?Whose umbrella is this?▶
それは わたしのです。sore wa watashi no desu.त्यो मेरो हो।That is mine.▶
これは にほんごで なんですか。kore wa nihongo de nan desu ka.यो जापानीमा के हो?What is this in Japanese?▶
「かさ」です。"kasa" desu."かさ" हो।It is "kasa".▶
そうですか。sou desu ka.अच्छा, हो र?I see. / Is that so?▶
そうです。 / ちがいます。sou desu. / chigaimasu.हो। / होइन (गलत हो)।That's right. / That's wrong.▶

で after a language means "in that language": えいごで = in English, ネパールごで = in Nepali. そうです confirms; ちがいます corrects ("that is not correct") and is the natural way to say "no, it is not" to a statement.

Dialogue: in a shop

JapaneseRomajiनेपाली / EnglishListen
Aすみません、これは なんですか。sumimasen, kore wa nan desu ka.माफ गर्नुहोस्, यो के हो?
Excuse me, what is this?		▶
Bそれは けいたいの ケースです。sore wa keitai no keesu desu.त्यो मोबाइलको केस हो।
That is a phone case.		▶
Aあれは なんですか。are wa nan desu ka.ऊ के हो?
And what is that over there?		▶
Bあれは かさです。are wa kasa desu.ऊ छाता हो।
That is an umbrella.		▶
Aこの かさは いくらですか。kono kasa wa ikura desu ka.यो छाता कति पर्छ?
How much is this umbrella?		▶
Bせんえんです。sen en desu.हजार येन।
It is 1,000 yen.		▶

Every ▶ button plays a clear computer voice, which is good for learning sounds and rhythm but is not a native speaker. Pitch (the rise and fall of the voice) can sound a little flat. Also listen to real Japanese as often as you can: videos, news for learners (NHK Easy), and Japanese people around you.

Check yourself

Try to answer every question before you look at the answers.

  1. Which word means "that one near you"?
  2. Which means "that one over there, far from both"?
  3. Say "This is a book."
  4. Why is これ ほん wrong?
  5. Ask: "Whose bag is that?" (near you)
  6. Say: "It's mine."
  7. How do you ask "What is this in Japanese?"
  8. What is "umbrella" in Japanese?
  9. What does ちがいます mean?
  10. Ask the price of this umbrella.

Answers

Count your correct answers. If you got fewer than 7 out of 10, read the lesson again and listen to the audio once more.

  1. それ.
  2. あれ.
  3. これは ほんです。
  4. これ cannot be followed by a noun. Use この ほん.
  5. その かばんは だれのですか。
  6. わたしのです。
  7. これは にほんごで なんですか。
  8. かさ.
  9. That's wrong / that's not correct.
  10. この かさは いくらですか。
#Japanese#N5#Vocabulary
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